Official biography kim jong il son

Kim Jong Il

(1941-2011)

Who Was Kim Writer Il?

Much of Kim Jong Il's persona is based on out cult of personality, meaning focus legend and official North Altaic government accounts describe his progress, character and actions in address that promote and legitimize potentate leadership, including his birth.

Administer the coup de grвce the years, Kim's dominating identity and complete concentration of carry on has come to define probity country North Korea.

Early Life

Kim Author Il was born on Feb 16, 1941, though official banking place his birth a origin later. Some mystery surrounds in the way that and where Kim Jong Drained was born. Official North Asiatic biographies state that his creation occurred on February 16, 1942, in a secret camp dependable Mount Paekdu along the Asian border, in Samjiyon County, Ryanggang Province, in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea).

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Other reports point to he was born a gathering later in Vyatskoye in birth former Soviet Union.

During World Battle II, his father commanded interpretation 1st Battalion of the Country 88th Brigade, composed of Asian and Korean exiles battling description Japanese Army. Kim Jong Il's mother was Kim Jong Suk, his father's first wife. Bona fide accounts indicate that Kim Author Il comes from a parentage of nationalists who actively resisted imperialism from the Japanese obligate the early 20th century.

His legally binding government biography claims Kim Writer Il completed his general tending between September 1950 and Honorable 1960 in Pyongyang, the existing capital city of North Peninsula.

But scholars point out mosey the first few years take possession of this period were during nobility Korean War and contend dominion early education took place deal the People's Republic of Chinaware, where it was safer get in touch with live. Official accounts claim lose one\'s train of thought throughout his schooling, Kim was involved in politics.

While assemblage the Namsan Higher Middle Secondary in Pyongyang, he was resting in the Children's Union—a pubescence organization that promotes the hypothesis of Juche, or the vital spirit of self-reliance—and the Democratic Salad days League (DYL), taking part affluent the study of Marxist partisan theory. During his youth, Diminish Jong Il showed an put under a spell in a wide range comment subjects including agriculture, music, talented mechanics.

In high school, misstep took classes in automotive ceremony and participated in trips give somebody no option but to farms and factories. Official financial affairs of his early schooling too point out his leadership capabilities: as vice chairman of ruler school's DYL branch, he pleased younger classmates to pursue in a superior way ideological education and organized legal competitions and seminars as sufficiently as field trips.

Kim Jong Conceal graduated from Namsan Higher Central part School in 1960 and registered the same year at Die away Il Sung University.

He majored in Marxist political economy swallow minored in philosophy and belligerent science. While at the installation, Kim trained as an initiate in a textile machine affordable and took classes in chattels TV broadcast equipment. During that time, he also accompanied sovereignty father on tours of a lot guidance in several of Northmost Korea's provinces.

Rise to Power

Kim Author Il joined the Workers' Part, the official ruling party practice North Korea, in July 1961.

Most political experts believe greatness party follows the traditions worldly Stalinist politics even though Northbound Korea began distancing itself unapproachable Soviet domination in 1956. Honesty Workers' Party claims to own acquire its own ideology, steeped add on the philosophy of Juche. On the other hand, in the late 1960s, illustriousness party instituted a policy a variety of "burning loyalty" to the "Great Leader" (Kim Il Sung).

That practice of personality cult not bad reminiscent of Stalinist Russia nevertheless was taken to new place with Kim Il Sung jaunt would continue with Kim Writer Il.

Soon after his 1964 quantification from the university, Kim Author Il began his rise destroy the ranks of the Asiatic Workers' Party. The 1960s were a time of high tightness anxiety between many Communist countries.

Husband and the Soviet Union were clashing over ideological differences turn resulted in several border skirmishes, Soviet satellite nations in Orientate Europe were simmering with dissention, and North Korea was draw away from both Soviet arena Chinese influence. Within North Choson, internal forces were attempting pocket revise the party's revolutionary sign.

Kim Jong Il was ordained to the Workers' Party Medial Committee to lead the onslaught against the revisionists and inspirit the party did not depart from from the ideological line touchy by his father. He likewise led efforts to expose dissidents and deviant policies to warrant strict enforcement of the party's ideological system.

In addition, crystal-clear took on major military alter to strengthen the party's knob of the military and expelled disloyal officers.

Kim Jong Il oversaw the Propaganda and Agitation authority, the government agency responsible extend media control and censorship. Die away gave firm instructions that interpretation party's monolithic ideological message embryonic communicated constantly by writers, artists, and officials in the routes.

According to official accounts, soil revolutionized Korean fine arts toddler encouraging the production of another works in new media. That included the art of coat and cinema. Mixing history, public ideology, and movie-making, Kim pleased the production of several manful films, which glorified works fated by his father. His authoritative biography claims that Kim Author Il has composed six operas and enjoys staging elaborate musicals.

Kim is reported to mistrust an avid film buff who owns more than 20,000 flicks, including the entire series take up James Bond films, for reward personal enjoyment.

Kim Il Sung began preparing his son to flinch North Korea in the absolutely 1970s. Between 1971 and 1980, Kim Jong Il was suitable to increasingly important positions hobble the Korean Workers' Party.

Nearby this time, he instituted policies to bring party officials course to the people by forcing bureaucrats to work among subordinates for one month a era. He launched the Three-Revolution Group Movement, in which teams selected political, technical, and scientific technicians traveled around the country be acquainted with provide training.

He was as well involved in economic planning stay with develop certain sectors of integrity economy.

By the 1980s, preparations were being made for Kim watch over succeed his father as rank leader of North Korea. Afterwards this time, the government began building a personality cult sorrounding Kim Jong Il patterned sustenance that of his father.

Efficient as Kim Il Sung was known as the "Great Leader," Kim Jong Il was hailed in the North Korean travel ormation technol as the "fearless leader" ahead "the great successor to distinction revolutionary cause." His portraits developed in public buildings along take out his father's. He also initiated a series of drop-in inspections of businesses, factories, and polity offices.

At the Sixth Organization Congress in 1980, Kim Author Il was given senior posts in the Politburo (the line committee of the Korean Workers' Party), the Military Commission, move the Secretariat (the executive branch charged with carrying out policy). Thus, Kim was positioned commerce control all aspects of birth government.

The one area of dominance in which Kim Jong Go by might have had a professed weakness was the military.

Primacy army was the foundation tip off power in North Korea, boss Kim had no military boldness experience. With the assistance fence allies in the military, Disappear was able to gain espousal by the army officials little the next leader of Northern Korea. By 1991, he was designated as the supreme controller of the Korean People's Service, thus giving him the object he needed to maintain unabridged control of the government formerly he took power.

Following the swallow up of Kim Il Sung emphasis July 1994, Kim Jong Disagree with took total control of representation country.

This transition of sovereign state from father to son confidential never been seen before house a communist regime. In civility to his father, the divulge of president was abolished, extra Kim Jong Il took high-mindedness titles of general secretary dominate the Workers' Party and head of the National Defense Suit, which was declared the chief office of the state.

Foreign Sin and Nuclear Testing

It is key to understand that much look upon Kim Jong Il's persona attempt based on a cult disagree with personality, meaning that legend captain official North Korean government commerce describe his life, character, challenging actions in ways that help and legitimize his leadership.

Examples include his family's nationalist rebellious roots and claims that coronet birth was foretold by cool swallow, the appearance of ingenious double rainbow over Mount Paekdu, and a new star observe the heavens. He is skull to personally manage the country's affairs and sets operational guidelines for individual industries.

He deference said to be arrogant dispatch self-centered in policy decisions, flagrantly rejecting criticism or opinions walk differ from his. He levelheaded suspicious of nearly all well those who surround him unthinkable volatile in his emotions. Concerning are many stories of her majesty eccentricities, his playboy lifestyle, loftiness lifts in his shoes jaunt pompadour hairstyle that make him appear taller, and his dread of flying.

Some stories vesel be verified while others on top most likely exaggerated, possibly circulated by foreign operatives from cruel countries.

In the 1990s, North Peninsula went through a series strain devastating and debilitating economic episodes. With the collapse of excellence Soviet Union in 1991, Northern Korea lost its main trade partner.

Strained relations with Partner following China's normalization with Southward Korea in 1992 further well-equipped North Korea's trade options. Best performance floods in 1995 and 1996 followed by drought in 1997 crippled North Korea's food producing. With only 18 percent appreciated its land suitable for husbandry in the best of days, North Korea began experiencing adroit devastating famine.

Worried about her highness position in power, Kim Author Il instituted the Military Precede policy, which prioritized national double to the military. Thus, ethics military would be pacified obscure remain in his control. Tail off could defend himself from threats domestic and foreign, while mercantile conditions worsened.

The policy exact produce some economic growth put forward along with some socialist-type shop practices—characterized as a "flirtation support capitalism"—North Korea has been due to remain operational despite grow heavily dependent on foreign help for food.

In 1994, the Pol administration and North Korea concerted to a framework designed make ill freeze and eventually dismantle Direction Korea's nuclear weapons program.

Absorb exchange, the United States would provide assistance in producing flash power-generating nuclear reactors and give fuel oil and other fiscal aid. In 2000, the presidents of North Korea and Southeast Korea met for diplomatic confabulation and agreed to promote appeasement and economic cooperation between rectitude two countries.

The agreement authorized families from both countries stop working reunite and signaled a involve toward increased trade and reflect. For a time, it comed that North Korea was reentering the international community.

Then in 2002, U.S. intelligence agencies suspected Arctic Korea was enriching uranium assortment building the facilities to requirement so, presumably for making atomic weapons.

In his 2002 Assert of the Union address, Boss George W. Bush identified Ad northerly Korea as one of significance countries in the "axis clamour evil" (along with Iraq abide Iran). The Bush administration any minute now revoked the 1994 treaty intentional to eliminate North Korea's 1 weapons program. Finally, in 2003, Kim Jong Il's government confessed to having produced nuclear weapons for security purposes, citing tensions with President Bush.

Late hill 2003, the Central Intelligence Means issued a report that Northern Korea possessed one and perhaps two nuclear bombs. The Asiatic government stepped in to make a search of to mediate a settlement, nevertheless President Bush refused to come across with Kim Jong Il row and instead insisted on multipartite negotiations.

China was able elect gather Russia, Japan, South Choson, and the United States cheerfulness negotiations with North Korea. Parley were held in 2003, 2004, and twice in 2005. Every bit of through the meetings, the Bush-league administration demanded North Korea dispense with its nuclear weapons program. Option adamantly maintained any normalcy resembling relations between North Korea arm the United States would advance about only if North Choson changed its human rights policies, eliminated all chemical and inborn weapons programs, and ended projectile technology proliferation.

North Korea continuously rejected the proposal. In 2006, North Korea's Central News Authority announced North Korea had victoriously conducted an underground nuclear shell test.

Failing Health

There have been innumerable reports and claims regarding Skate Jong Il's health and profane condition. In August 2008, exceptional Japanese publication claimed Kim confidential died in 2003 and locked away been replaced with a fill-in for public appearances.

It was also noted that Kim hadn't made a public appearance long for the Olympic torch ceremony infant Pyongyang in April 2008. Puzzle out Kim failed to show result for a military parade celebrating North Korea's 60th anniversary, U.S. intelligence agencies believed Kim tutorial be gravely ill after by any chance suffering a stroke.

During excellence fall of 2008, numerous material sources gave conflicting reports revert his condition. The North Altaic news agency reported Kim participated in national elections in Foot it 2009 and was unanimously elective to a seat in distinction Supreme People's Assembly, the Northerly Korean parliament. The assembly desire vote later to confirm him as chairman of the Ceremonial Defense Commission.

In the article, it was said Kim pitch his ballot at the Skate Il Sung University and afterwards toured the facility and talked to a small group glimpse people.

Kim's health was watched accurately by other countries because prescription his volatile nature, the country's possession of nuclear weapons, post its precarious economic condition.

Tail off also had no apparent children to his regime, as frank his father. His three kids spent most of their lives outside the country and no-one seemed to be in glory favor of the "Dear Leader" to ascend to the ascendance spot.

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Many international experts estimated that when Kim died, near would be mayhem because regarding seemed to be no visible method for a transfer confess power. But due to justness North Korean government's predilection pull out secrecy, this was too definite to know.

In 2009, however, tidings reports revealed that Kim arranged to name his son, Grow faint Jong Un as his next in line.

Very little was known increase in value Kim's heir apparent; until 2010, only one officially confirmed photograph of Jong Un existed, stream not even his official birthdate had been revealed. The twenty-something was officially confirmed in Sep 2010.

Final Days and Death

Kim Jon-Il died December 17, 2011, disagree with a heart attack while move on a train.

Media proceeding say the leader was joining together a work trip for bona fide duties. Upon news of Picture Dear Leader's death, North Koreans marched on the capital, whimpering distressing and mourning.

Kim is aforesaid to be survived by several wives, three sons and join daughters. Other reports claim bankruptcy has fathered 70 children, governing of whom are housed slip in villas throughout North Korea.

His competing, Kim Jong Un, is tale to take up leadership, take the military pledged to piling Jong Un's succession.


  • Name: Kim
  • Birth Year: 1941
  • Birth date: February 16, 1941
  • Gender: Male
  • Best Known For: Tail off Jong Il's dominating personality keep from complete concentration of power put on come to define the kingdom North Korea.
  • Astrological Sign: Aquarius
  • Schools
    • Namsan Enhanced Middle School
    • Kim Il Sung University
  • Death Year: 2011
  • Death date: December 17, 2011

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  • Article Title: Kim Jong Il Biography
  • Author: Biography.com Editors
  • Website Name: The Biography.com website
  • Url: https://www.biography.com/political-figures/kim-jong-il
  • Access Date:
  • Publisher: A&E; Flock Networks
  • Last Updated: April 20, 2021
  • Original Published Date: April 2, 2014