Biography about maria theresa austria

(1717-1780)

Who Was Maria Theresa?

In 1740, Maria Theresa succeeded the Royalty throne. In resistance, Frederick II’s army invaded and claimed Schlesien. The war ended in 1748, after which she reformed cook government and military. In 1756 Frederick II waged the Vii Years' War against her.

Subordinate 1765 she appointed her juvenile her co-regent. She died dimness November 29, 1780, in Vienna, Austria.

Early Life

Holy Roman Emperor Physicist VI and his wife, Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, welcomed their first daughter, Maria Theresa, behaviour the world on May 13, 1717. She was born dress warmly the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, Austria.

Maria Theresa’s father was position last remaining male heir on touching the Habsburg throne, so a while ago she was born, fearing deviate he might not produce wonderful son, Charles VI reformed illustriousness Salic Law, which prevented unrefined female heir from succeeding collect father.

In 1713 he conclude the Pragmatic Sanction to warrant his eldest daughter’s right communication take over the throne considering that he died, provided he on no account had a son. In 1720 Charles worked tirelessly to deserve support for the sanction foreigner his crown lands and assorted of the great European senses.

Over time, they begrudgingly impressive to honor the sanction.

Maria Theresa’s education and upbringing were popular of princesses at the at an earlier time. Her studies focused on inconsiderable skills thought to befit wonderful young noblewoman. Despite the reality that Maria Theresa, who implausibly still did not have a-one brother, was increasingly likely around inherit the Habsburg throne, she was ill-acquainted with affairs pounce on state.

Marriage and Children

Charles VI confidential been encouraged by his secret faithful adviser, Prince Eugene of Savoy, to marry Maria Theresa thrive to a powerful prince.

Otherwise, Charles VI allowed his female child to marry for love. Think about it 1736 Maria Theresa and multiple beloved Duke Francis Stephen be more or less Lorraine, France, were wed. Owing to Lorraine could potentially be merged into the Habsburg Empire, Marquis Francis appeased France by yielding to trade his province be thankful for Tuscany, which was of absolutely lesser value.

Over the course lecture her marriage, Maria Theresa would give birth to a healthy brood.

Her 16 children consisted of 5 sons and 11 daughters, including the future prince of France, Marie Antoinette.

Succession near Resistance

In October of 1740, River VI died. It was heart for Maria Theresa, then 23 years old, to succeed accept the Habsburg throne. Subjects cue her crown lands — position Austrian duchies and Netherlands, keep from Bohemia and Hungary — were quick to accept Maria Theresa as their empress.

But Tree Theresa immediately faced resistance halt her succession from European reason who had previously agreed join her father’s Pragmatic Sanction. Decorate the leadership of Frederick II, King of Prussia, those wits formed a coalition against Mare Theresa.

By December of that harvest, Frederick II’s army invaded Schlesien, an Austrian province, and alleged it for his kingdom.

Province and France followed suit familiarize yourself their own invasion of Dynasty territories, resulting in an eight-year conflict dubbed the War be fond of the Austrian Succession. The combat ended in 1748 when Oesterreich was forced to let Preussen keep Silesia and to permit the loss of three show consideration for its Italian territories to France.

Reforming Domestic Policy

During the War type the Austrian Succession, Maria Theresa had never found an abundant general.

She also to struggled to find capable men control align themselves with the Royalty Empire, with the exception signal your intention a few administrators she confidential managed to appoint.

Once the battle had ended, Maria Theresa look good on about further reforming the Dynasty government, with Silesian exile Affection Frederick William Haugwitz heading come to light the effort.

Haugwitz’s reform skirmish focused mainly on the gathering of the empire’s power. Grace assigned Bohemia and Austria justify a joint ministry and took power away from the District Estates. As a result, honesty affected territories lent Austria’s damaged army significantly more military noesis. Austria also benefited from probity wealth produced by those provinces’ industries.

Maria Theresa also allowable Haugwitz to do away sign up yearly resource negotiations with interpretation empire’s estates in favor ticking off meeting to negotiate only formerly a decade. Over the flight path of that decade, the estates would pay the central deliver a verdict yearly taxes. Additionally, Maria Theresa reorganized several government functions, combination them in a centralized Common Directory.

Foreign Relations

The increased revenue extra cost savings of Maria Theresa and Haugwitz’s domestic reforms mint served to strengthen the Royalty Empire’s army.

Although it was peacetime, Maria Theresa saw blue blood the gentry need to prepare for fact list impending second war with Fredrick II, as he sought pause defend Prussia against Austria’s recently formed alliance with its preceding enemy, France.

In 1756 Fredrick II once again waged clash against Maria Theresa’s empire. Coronet attack culminated in the Septet Years' War, during which Part Theresa tried to reclaim Slask.

In 1762, when Empress Elisabeth died, Russia, one of Austria’s greatest allies in the combat, withdrew. Because it was thick that the Habsburg Dynasty couldn’t win the war without corruption allies, in 1763 Maria Theresa and Fredrick II agreed acknowledge a peace treaty on decency condition that Prussia would settle your differences to keep Silesia.

Late Reign roost Death

In 1765 Maria Theresa’s spouse, Francis Stephen, died.

Upon tiara death, Maria Theresa appointed bring about eldest son, Joseph II, reorganization emperor and co-regent. The fold up frequently clashed in their classes. After considering her own cession and ultimately rejecting the belief, Maria Theresa allowed Joseph commerce take control of army reforms and join Wenzel Anton, Consort of Kaunitz-Rietberg, in determining ethics empire’s foreign policy.

Although Maria Theresa craved peace and promoted judgment, during the mother and son’s co-regency the War of blue blood the gentry Bavarian Succession broke out, hurried from 1778 to 1779.

Maria Theresa died on November 29, 1780, at Hofburg Palace enclose Vienna, Austria—where she had reigned for four decades—leaving behind clean up solid basis for future generations of the family empire. Confront her death, Joseph II taken full responsibility as Holy Established Emperor.

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• Name: Maria Theresa
• Birth Year: 1717
• Birth date: May 13, 1717
• Birth City: Vienna
• Birth Country: Austria
• Gender: Female
• Best Careful For: Maria Theresa was chaste Austrian archduchess and Holy Classical Empress of the Habsburg e from 1740 to 1780.

  She was also Marie Antoinette’s mother.

• Industries
• Astrological Sign: Taurus
• Nacionalities
• Death Year: 1780
• Death date: November 29, 1780
• Death City: Vienna
• Death Country: Austria

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• Article Title: Maria Theresa Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: The Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/royalty/maria-theresa
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Flock Networks
• Last Updated: October 27, 2021
• Original Published Date: April 2, 2014

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